Thursday, 11 November 2021

THE IMPACT OF WOMEN RELIGIOUS IN NIGERIA

 

THE IMPACT OF WOMEN RELIGIOUS IN NIGERIA

The impact of women religious in the church is a very visible one, because of the roles of men and women in the church are more clearly stipulated than in the Secular World. This is because the church seems to have more ideas than in the secular life where women are sometimes taken for granted. The role of the women religious in the church cannot be ignored. To this effect, the saintly Pope John Paul II in his post synodal apostolic exhortation Vita Consacrata says “the church fully reveals her varied spiritual richness when she overcomes all discrimination and welcomes as a true blessing the gifts lavished by God upon both men and women, considering them in their equal dignity.[1]

The church is the home of communion. Each individual within the church is linked to the other, because its Gods will to make the faithful into one people according to Jesus’ prayer: ‘that they maybe one’. To this effect both the hierarchy of the church are co-responsible in building up the church and furthering her mission. However, the impacts of the women religious to the church cannot be undermined, even though they lack the clerical competence, there impact to the church is massive and unique. Women have been prominent in the church and the church in Nigeria is not an exception. The impact of the women religious can be considered in the light of their specific apostolate.

The women religious have impacted so much in Nigeria generally by being signs of God’s tender love towards the humanity and they have borne special witness to the mystery of the church. The impacts of the women religious in the different sectors of the society and the church in particular cannot be denied. The self-awareness of the women religious have impacted on the men by triggering them to reconsider their way of looking at things.

The women religious have worked so hard in impacting the basic human values to the system of Nigeria. These human values bother majorly on human dignity and the dignity of labour. In the areas of human dignity, they have been able to bring to the consciousness of the people, especially the ignorant one, that each individual person deserve and ought to be treated with dignity. The women religious have worked out this goal in a tangible way that goes sometimes unnoticed; some of the women religious congregations raise and manage motherless baby’s homes and a special care for the destitute, feeding and caring for them. Some of these religious women engage in prison apostolate too.

One of the greatest impacts of the women religious in Nigeria is in the field of education. Majority of the women religious in Nigeria had taken upon themselves the responsibility of improving the education standards from the grass roots. Many of the women religious groups in Nigeria instituted schools, ranging from primary to secondary school, and many more are managing already instituted schools. These women religious who institute or manage schools ensure that the standard and quality of education imparted on the pupils or students are the best. Some of these women religious also lecture in different tertiary institutions there by contributing to the improvement of the standard and quality of education in the country.

The women religious in Nigeria have impacted so much in the areas of health.  Many women religious run the apostolate of health caring, making health facilities available, especially to the remote places, where there is little or no hope of proper medical attention. The religious sisters provide standard hospitals for health maintenance, and they go to the extent of giving free medical care and check-ups to the ones that can’t afford it. Health is wealth, and the women religious in the country have made serious impacts on this area. Some of the women religious seriously working towards the improvement of health includes the daughters of divine love, handmaid sisters, ola etc when facilities for good and basic health care is provided and afforded to the people, mortality rate reduces.

The impact of the women religious to liturgy cannot be underestimated. Many of them many of them actively participate and help out in the liturgy. A good number of the religious in Nigeria have their little ways of making their contributions to the liturgy of the church. Some do some by their production of liturgical materials, like vestments for mass and production of host for while many others help out in different ways in the church; impacting the faith by way of teaching the children catechism and so many other ways.

With the establishment of their different apostolic centers, the women religious have massively provided job opportunity in the country. The apostolic centers established by some of the women religious include hospitals, schools, host making units, production of clerical wears etc. The sectors in these apostolic centers have individual working in them and earning their living there.

As a crown of their impact, the women religious have gone a long way in fostering ecumenism in the church in Nigerian with their individual and communal efforts in the apostolic and mission field. They impact morality and sensitivity within the youths, this is with special reference to the apostolate of the university sisters of assumption, who counsel the youths and guides them; helping them out with some difficulties of their daily lives.



[1] JOHN PAUL II,  Post Synodal Apostolic Exhortation Vita consecrate  (25 march 1996), 96-97

presentation text for teen age

 

·        Write in first person

·        Make it personal

·        Make examples

1***In human development, there are two stages each on its own extreme. These stages are childhood and adulthood. Childhood comes with almost no worries and less responsibilities that is mostly limited to house chores and school home works, but we won’t remain a child, we have to grow up. Adult stage comes with responsibilities and worries to be taken care of. However, there is no direct transition from childhood to adulthood. 2***There is an in-between. This is the teen age.

 

3***SHAPE YOUR TEEN WORLD

The teen age is the world between childhood comforts and adulthood responsibilities. 4***The most important stage of transition with regards to growth, between childhood and adulthood. 5***A mid-way between two extremely different worlds. This stage of life is a moderation between no or less worry and extreme responsibility, but it is an entirely new world.

6***YOUR TEEN WORLD

What could be more wonderful than the feeling of being accepted?

That feeling of belongingness

After all, a person can put up with a lot of things if he knows that the people who count with him approve the way he or she is handling his life.

On the other hand, perhaps the cruelest torture a person can experience is to have been rejected by those he or she want to be with. 7***It really hurts to be scorned by those you admire.

Somehow the lowest feeling you can have is the feeling that you are not in tune with everybody else. The sting of rejection by the group hurts far more deeply than a bawling out by a parent.

8***There is nothing wrong with the need to belong. We have to belong in our own world. It is natural. Its god’s way of leading us naturally into the world of adult sharing, giving and loving.

The problem is that some persons go too far in seeking the approval of others. They never act on their own. They are always guided by what others will think, or do or say.

Many go to excessive length to make sure they won’t be considered out of tune.

Some girls for instance will wear almost anything to get approval of the group; in our modern term we call them slay queens. Some boys will do or say anything to get applause or admiration from their own gang or a group they would want to be a part of or a girl they admire.

Just look at the way some boys and girls dress and act. They want attention and they seek it by how they dress, how they act and by what they say, rather than by who they are.

*Some girls are like mobile pornography, sexy is not a compliment, it simply means sex related, whatever it is provokes and promotes sex activity

Its important that we dress and act so that we get approval from others. But you can go too far. If your clothes rather than you are the attention-getters, then there is a problem. It’s the same with language and actions. If we do or say something to get approval, then its our language and actions that gets attention not ourselves as persons.

The need to belong is especially strong in the teen world.

9***Teenagers have a sphere of their own from which children are excluded and adults are not expected to enter, otherwise it would account as a carryover. Teens have a language, a dress code, habits and actions which belong to them. This is as it should be because they are no longer children, so they should not act as children. But neither are they adults. Because they often feel uncomfortable and insecure among adults, so they build for themselves a world where they can fill secure among those who like them, want and need to belong.

10***THE TEEN WORLD IS BETWEEN TWO WORLDS

Even though you are not a child any longer, you don’t feel like a full-fledged adult, either. Far from it! More than likely, you feel suspended somewhere in between two worlds: the world of childhood at home and the world of adulthood outside.

You want to break the apron strings a bit, but you aren’t ready yet to have your own family or hold down a full-time job. The step from childhood to adulthood is too big to take all at once. So in stepping out of one world, you want to be sure there is one you can step into. There is your teen world. 11***Here we find ourselves getting more interested in people of our own age, wanting to be with them more often, to do more things with them. They become your home away from home. We gradually try out new activities here which can help us towards adulthood at our own speed.

Here we are able to find independence and belongingness. The independence comes in choosing your interests. The belongingness comes with being with the people who have the same interests you do.

12***WHAT ARE YOUR TEEN YEARS FOR

For some the teen years offer the chance to grow and develop. They enable teenagers to learn, to acquire new skills, to add to the store of knowledge they already have. Teen age give us the chance to move towards the goal we have in mind and develop our interests. For others , teen age offer the chance to start anew, to make up for lost time, and catch up with opportunities that slipped by. For a few, unfortunately, they may become lost years, wasted years, years of frustration.

But for all, there are new opportunities, new challenges, and new directions. With those new opportunities and challenges, there are choices to be made. You have to decide how to relate to adults, you have to decide how hard you are going to work, you need to decide whom you will choose for your friends and how to start shaping your destiny, most importantly you have to decide what you will do with your growing freedom and your leisure time. All of these will determine what kind of teen world you will live in.

13***YOU CAN’T WALK DOWN EVERY PATH AND TRAVEL WITH EVERY CROWD.

You have to choose your priorities; what is more important to you. The friends you choose and the things you do are going to shape you into a certain kind of person. Look at your models and see what their success story is like.

14***ITS IMPORTANT TO REALIZE THAT ALMOST WITHOUT EXCEPTION THE PATH YOU START WALKING NOW IS LEADING TO WHERE YOU WILL WIND UP.

Do you know what this means? You are helping God create you, by the choices you make. You and God are working together on you. Good provides the raw material, it is up to you to put them in shape. Here, you consciously choose the direction of your life.

15***THE TEEN YEARS AN OPPORTUNITY TO GROW

As we begin to decide the direction of our lives; who and what we will be, we see people with different talents, opportunities, drives and motivations. We are gifted in different ways, however some people seems to have lots of luck, some seem to make their own luck, and some work hard for what they want to achieve. Some have a hard time, while some seem to get by without too much effort. We should find out which group we belong to, so that we don’t make mistakes.

Some are healthy, a few have troubles with their health, and some have physical impairments which prevents their being able to do all they do like. And because of circumstances, some cannot make use of the talents they have or the opportunities afforded them.

16***In other words every person has his or her own talents, opportunities, ambitions and motivations. So the law of nature requiring you to be yourself, does not mean that you are allowed to be selfish, egotistic, self centered, domineering, or do whatever comes to your own mind. It means becoming what your talents, your capabilities, your opportunities, and your limitations enable you to be.

Your teen years are your opportunity for you to grow into the kind of person you were created to be. The question is, will you use that opportunity to become that kind of person or will you squander it and fail to be the person God created you to be?

But, to become the kind of person you were created to become, you have to reflect on who you are and why you are.

17***THERE ARE TWO WAYS TO REALLY LEARN ABOUT YOURSELF. ONE IS TO JUST SIT AND THINK AND THE OTHER IS TO GO OUT OF YOURSELF AND TRY TO FIND OUT WHY YOU FAIL AND WHY YOU SUCCEED AND WHAT YOU SHOULD DO TO BE A BETTER PERSON.

When we realize the persons we are meant to be, we will find it more interesting to live. Strange as it may seem, many people don’t reflect on their own reality. They just exist from day to day. So they are never becoming what their talents, opportunities and purposes in live could have helped them to become.

This doesn’t mean that most people don’t accomplish anything in life; rather it means that many people do not accomplish what they are capable of accomplishing. They work at half speed, using half their talents and letting their opportunities slip away. They accomplish only part of what they could because they do not reflect on who they are or why they are. Most of the time they just exist. They don’t really live!

18***WHO ARE YOU IN YOUR TEEN WORLD?

To really be ourselves, we need to know who we are and why we are. Only you can answer the question. At this point, we are young human beings who happen to be Christians.

19***THE TENAGE WORLD AND ITS CHALLENGES

The challenges of the teen world are like hurdles in a race. If you negotiate them successfully you reach your goal. If you don’t, you stumble and possibly ruin your chances to success. If we seek growth in our teen world, we need to face the challenges that it present.

SOME OF THE CHALLENGES ARE

·        PEER PRESSURE

·        FALSE POPULARITY

·        REBELLION AGAINST SOCIETY’S LAW

·        EXCESSIVE WITHDRAWAL

·        IRRELIGION

·        LACK OF SENSITIVITY

 

However these are called challenges because we face a choice of how we respond to them. Our desires can so cloud our vision that we may actually see the challenges as opportunities; we may see them as means to attain status, to be somebody in the eye of certain persons.

 

The pressure we face from our own group and the influence on our thinking of Tv, radio, movies, magazines, records and some adults, may sometimes cause us to make decisions based on values that are not worthy of us as persons.  We need to see things for what they are, evaluate their influence on our lives, and determine how we will face them. How we respond in general determines how we shape our world.

 

20***PEER PRESSURE

This is the strong influence that a particular age group or social group exert on persons of that age group or social group to  conform to its standard, codes and methods of behavior. Peer pressure is at once social, emotional and psychological. It demands conformity. Or you will not be regarded as a real nigga.

 

All age groups and social groups exert pressure to conform on those who belong to them. Middle aged groups have their ways of acting, young adults have their way of acting, and teens have their way of acting. All conform more or less to social demands.

 

Conformity is not a bad thing in itself. In the right sense, it leads to harmony and unity of purpose. It make people feel comfortable among themselves. But when conformity means doing what everybody else does if to the point of betraying one’s ideals or principle or conscience, then its bad. This kind of conformity is finding out what everybody wants (the ones we want to most be accepted by) thinks and likes, and then telling ourselves that we think and like it too, just to avoid being labeled as odd. We should bear in mind that right is right, even when nobody is right, and wrong is wrong even when everybody is wrong.

This kind of conformity has smothered many growing personalities. Persons who could have developed a talent or given a new idea to the world or helped someone, have become empty shells. They did not dare to stand out and take criticism for what they knew was right.

 

The worst form of conformity is giving in to the misuse of drugs, alcohol, or sex because everybody pushes them to you. Then we give excuses to justify our abuses and excesses, like, everyone is doing it, my boyfriend introduced me to it, I wanted to see what it feels like to be high, what’s wrong with it? Adults do it why can’t I?, it won’t hurt me, I can stop any time I want to (ok its like you have not heard of addiction) Etc. we will see ourselves making such excuses if we are not able to control the overpowering pressure of conformity. Excessive conformity is the fear of being different. But I challenge you, dare to be different, don’t violate your own self.

 

How can we be ourselves if we are always allowing other people make us into themselves? It will take us away from who we are meant to be.

 

BE YOUR OWN PERSON

Don’t be fooled by those who try to pressure you into these, or other, anti social or anti-personal actions. Be your own person. How? By being bold enough to say NO when we need to say NO.

 

21***FALSE POPULARITY

Another major challenge facing young teens is seeking popularity.

Like conformity, there is nothing wrong with being popular. The difficulty and problem lies in seeking to be popular at any cost. This is seeking false popularity. Some of us can do anything to gain praise and notice.

 

This particular challenge leads us to confusing friendship with popularity. Some teens try to buy friends with a constant display of easy money and what it can buy. It may take a long time before the empty feelings dawns on them that their friends are more interested in what they have than in what they are personally.

More pitiful are those who don’t have money or privileges to buy friends. Rather than develop and share their true self with solid friends, they spoil their own lives by moping over what they don’t have rather than develop what they are. This is the case with us guys,

 

For the case of girls, many of you succumb to judging your personal worth by your sex appeal (attractiveness to the opposite sex). So they try to impress boys more in the body they have than in the person they are only to be deeply hurt later when they find out that the boys were actually just using them.

Young girls who let boys use their bodies are not only risking pregnancy and disease. They are also setting themselves up for the psychological and emotional shock that will follow when they discover that they are popular only because their bodies are available. Pepper them gang, take note.

 

22***REBELLION AGAINST SOCIETY’S LAWS

A third major challenge that teenagers face as they grow into maturity is observing the laws they don’t like or think are not fair, or they think are not for them. Laws are necessary for the good of the society. This is the challenge of observing the rules and laws that we think interfere with our fun.

 

Don’t allow anyone deceive you with words like, who is going to know? or we won’t get caught or what’s the matter with it,  or the popular ‘you too dey fear’. Some people do the things they know is wrong just for the hell of it. This may be fun for a while. It gives a sense of freedom, power or the impression of not being under anybody’s thumb, but it leads to trouble.

 

What we don’t realize with this challenge is that the society creates laws to protect people’s rights, not to interfere with their basic freedom. In breaking some rules we may think to ourselves that nobody gets hurt so what’s the big deal.

Senseless rebelling against society is directly opposed to the basic law of nature which requires us to build society if we are to be what we were created to be.

 

23***EXCESSIVE WITHDRAWAL

 This fourth challenge affects very few teens, but it can affect anyone. This particular challenge makes for a very miserable life. We all need to be alone at times, we are all unique and its natural that we have some interests that other persons don’t share. Also a certain amount of aloneness is good for us because it helps us to discover our real self. On top of that, some people are naturally quieter than others, and some like to be alone from time to time just to enjoy their own thought and do their own things.

 

There are others who withdraw excessively from social contact and pretend that they don’t really care. They exaggerate their uniqueness and pretend that they are against conformity, but in reality they are afraid of the normal struggle to adjust to others. They expect everyone to come to them, to accept them immediately, and to make them the center of attention. If this doesn’t happen they are deeply hurt. Meanwhile, if they continue to withdraw, they become loners. They go on their own way and pretend not to care because they cannot stand not having their own way or being accepted on their own terms.

 

This type of persons can get into serious trouble with themselves, by excessive withdrawal, by freezing out everybody, by being hard to get along with, by refusing to cooperate or even be civil, by not even responding to the most generous offers of friendship, the loner retreats more and more into himself and becomes his own worst enemy. Instead of being his best self, his social self in which he shares and have fun with others, he craws into a shell and dos not let himself develop into what he can be.

 

He may resort to drugs or alcohol to relieve his loneliness.

 

24***IRRELIGION

 This fifth challenge poses a question of what to do with our religious life. There comes a time in almost all our lives when we ask, is there a God? Each answers this question in his own way. Some just kind of ignore God, treating him as a nice thought, but not really of much consequence. Some retain their childhood ideas of God and regard religion as a Sunday thing. Some give up the search entirely and act as if God didn’t really exist.

 

Some teen are afraid to show any interest in developing a healthy religious life because  they are afraid others will make fun of them. So that they don’t call them sister mary, or holy nweje or santa nwege. This particular challenge make the teens not to flex their religious muscles. Such irreligious teens drift away from a basic truth of life. There is a God whether we belive in him or not. God is always at home, its we who have gone astray.

 

LACK OF SENSITIVITY

Young people can be terribly cruel towards others less fortunate than themselves. Many people suffer for years because of the way they were treated as young teens.

 

The five challenges I have discussed deals with pressures affecting people to a greater or less degree depending on the circumstances of their lives. However lack of sensitivity to other people’s feelings and need is exhibited by the small sins of being uncharitable to others in seemingly small ways. Little acts of uncharitable character can have terrible serious consequences, yet most people don’t give them a second thought.

 

People have been socially crippled because they were made fun of. Those people who were objects of laughter or were excluded from some things over which they have no control like their size, their appearance, their voice, their mental ability, their lack of coordination, their colour or religion.

 

Reputations have been destroyed by lies, half truths, innuendoes, hints, suggestions, or even truths that a person has no right to tell. People as socially excluded because of their poverty, on daily basis we make people the butt of cruel jokes, we taunt people because of their differences,. These are all acts of uncharity.

 

But actually, making fun of someone else is a form of cowardice. Because you hide in the crowd and points out someone else to be laughed at. We often feel we achieve a sense of power by making another person feel inferior. This goes directly against the golden rule. Do unto others what you will like them to do to you. For example, some people would come and slap you in the name of joke and the day you will do the same to them they will roar like a tiger.

 

Its not enough that we avoid deliberate acts of uncharity. We need to be on the lookout for occasions to be a real friend. Let go out of our ways and make people feel at home.

Look around there are lot of people who need what you have to offer. Some are obviously shy, while others cover up their insecurity by obvious bragging

 

CONCLUSION

Somewhere in the challenges facing us as young people are the keys to your becoming the person we are created to be. Think about them and resolve how we will handle each as it comes along.

. STILL A DISTANCE TO GO

 

517.  STILL A DISTANCE TO GO

 

Yesterday I went to bed without a second nod to the one who waited all night for me

This fall has landed me on broken pieces of piercing objects

I landed on a branch of stillness

And perforated all through

 

But I have to catch my scattered disturbances

With a voice of scolding urgency

I expect within each strong wind

But it draws me towards an invisible cave

It has been a long walk to freedom

Yet still a distance to go

I hope Nigeria doesn’t retire at 65

Else she might be running out of time

 

Oh my dearest country

Small is the work you have done

You have turned less wrong to right

You have hit no traitor on the hips; don’t be a coward in this fight

 

This tethered hut has refused to fall

But we shouldn’t surrender our hope to annihilation

I watch my dear country with an eye of pleasure

But my eyes hold stale tears

 

The unshed tears of suffering press against each other

The hope of longing grow shorter every day

But we are still able to dine amid happy conversations

Dragging love back to the house of charity

 

Free and independent, but yet to behold the dome of this golden temple

Courage is fast departing the house of hope

We still drag the chains of slavery behind us

Shut up in a prison not made of iron

 

Who doesn’t prefer exile to freedom is still a slave

Yes, but we today disown the shackles that slow our steps

We should have a pricking awareness piecing the skin of our oblivion

Or are the labours of our heroes past in vain?

 

Diaries of the unspoken words BY  MUOGBO MICHAEL ZIMIFE (PURPLE ANT)

HEAVEN: AN ESCHATOLOGICAL DISCOURSE

 

INTRODUCTION

Eschatology is a part of theology that studies the last days and the fate that comes with it. Death, judgment, heaven, purgatory and hell are the key topics discussed under this subject matter. Thus, eschatology is the body of religious doctrines concerning the human soul in its relation to death, judgment, heaven and hell; doctrines concerning life after death and the final stage of the world. In the Old Testament timelines, “the day of the Lord” was conceived as a coming day of battle that would decide the fate of the people. However, the people looked forward to it as a day of victory, prophets like Amos, Hosea, Isaiah, Micah, Zephaniah, and Jeremiah feared that it would bring near or complete destruction, associating it with the growing military threat from Assyria.[1] In the Christian doctrine it traditionally includes the Parousia, otherwise referred to as the second advent of Christ, the resurrection of the dead, judgment and the immortality of the soul; eternal living in heaven or hell, and the consummation of the kingdom of God. Additionally to the catholic view is the idea of purgatory.

The busyness of our lives sometimes make it possible for us to spend all our time, caught up in our every day joys, sorrows, concerns and work without thinking about these things which are most important in our lives. What happens after we die? The church encourages that we prayerfully ponder on the four last things.[2] We may not talk about heaven because we place so much value on life here and now, but we long for a deeper sense of the divine presence in our lives; we are heart-hungry for heaven. Amidst the four major discourses in eschatology, this paper is going to focus on heaven as an eschatological subject matter as one of the things that could happen to a soul after judgment.

HEAVEN: AN ESCHATOLOGICAL DISCOURSE

Heaven is a state of unbroken peace and unflawed joy in the presence of God for the redeemed; it is fixed and eternal[3], it is the assertion that the destiny intended by the creator for every human person is to find ultimate happiness and the final resolution for the quest of life in intimate and essentially indescribably personal communion with God, and in God with all creation. Heaven is the final elimination of sin; it is the consummation of salvation. Caring deeply about heaven and hell may seem passé, or just too embarrassing, for our popular culture relentlessly twists them into projections of our selfishness and limitless ambition, into distorted caricatures of the Christian concepts. Yet we should treat these transcendent realities carefully and seriously, for we are deeply shaped in our moral lives by what we hope for and what we fear.[4]

There are misconceptions about Heaven and our participation there; this is because the wonders of Heaven are far beyond anything that we can ever imagine. Everything in Heaven is pure; without blemish or sin. It is that part of creation in which God alone exercises dominion, and which we do not know intimately until we are at last fully reconciled to God. Therefore, we can only receive heaven, as opposed to earth that which we partially control, employ, and manipulate. Heaven is the realm of grace, for it comes entirely as God’s gift and represents the fullness of all gifts.[5] We have a variety of imageries from the scriptures about heaven: wedding party, a banquet, the Father’s house, a state of unending happiness.[6] However heaven is beyond what imageries can adequately portray; thus, ‘eyes have not seen, and ears have not heard, what God have prepared for those who love him’. (1 Cor2:9)

Heaven entails a state of incorruptibility and eternal union with God; a state with the perfection of love and happiness, and the fulfillment of all man ever quest for.  In the discourse of eschatology, heaven and hell are the only two concepts that are wrapped in an “either or” possibility, and are based on the outcome of the last judgment and the grace of God. This is as a result of the contrast between the holy and the sinful. In other words, heaven and hell cannot happen to a soul; a soul is either rewarded with a beatific vision in heaven or condemned to eternal damnation in hell.

WHY HEAVEN SHOULD BE DESIRED

If the soul is immortal, and in whatever condition (heaven or hell) is going to live eternally, why is heaven to be desired and hell detested? This is because the purpose of man reaches its culmination in heaven when he reunites back to his creator, thus, in heaven we enjoy the beatific vision; we see God as he really is. Hell however lacks this beatific vision; in other words, a soul condemned to hell has failed to reach its ultimate fulfillment, and have failed to accomplish its purpose, it lives in eternal darkness and damnation. Thus the worst thing that can happen to a soul is to be lost at last. Thus, ‘what shall it benefit a man to gain the world and lose his soul? Nothing. The purpose of man is to know and love God in this life and to unite with him in the life after.

Following from the above statement, heaven is a life in pure love. God created man, not out of necessity, but out of his great love, that we may share in his very life. Sharing in the very life of God in the beatific vision is the most complete of love; faith ceases, hope ceases, but love is perfected with the beatific vision in heaven. In heaven we will reach a state of satisfactory true happiness because man’s natural desire for happiness will be fulfilled. Thus whoever sees God has obtained all the goods of which he can conceive (CCC 2548). Eternal union with God is more than all life can afford. Those who die in God’s grace and friendship are perfectly purified to live forever with Christ. They are like God forever, for they see Him as he really is, face to face (CCC 1023). This communion of life and love with the Trinitarian God, Blessed Virgin Mary, the angels and all the blessed is called heaven. It is thus, the ultimate end and fulfillment of our deepest human longings, the state of supreme and definitive happiness.

THE COMMUNAL NATURE OF HEAVEN

Heaven is the state of being in which all are united in love with one another and with God. It is where those who have attained salvation are in glory with God and enjoy the beatific vision; the knowledge of God as he is. The New Testament parables give strongly communal descriptions of heaven: a banquet, wedding feast, a city (New Jerusalem) etc. The doctrine of God as Trinity also affirms the communal nature of heaven. “Eternal life is thus not a projection of an individual human existence, but is rather to be seen as sharing, with the redeemed community as a whole, in the community of a loving God”.[7]

THE CHANCES OF THE SOUL TO ATTAIN THE BEATIFIC VISION IN HEAVEN

Whatever this next life is, we recognize that it begins here. If we have not somehow encountered and accepted God’s friendship in this life, how will we be prepared to encounter and accept it in the next? Perfect love will make possible entrance into heaven, imperfect love will require purification, and a total lack of love will mean eternal separation from God.[8] Every trial, suffering and moments of our life here on earth provides us with the opportunity to be perfected in love.

Who makes it to heaven? All are destined to spend eternity in heaven. However, only those who died in God’s grace, free from mortal sin or perfectly purified from its effect, makes it to heaven. This is because sin by its nature is a rejection of God.  So if a person dies without accepting God, God will honour his free choice. It is God’s desire that none should perish, unless they deliberately choose to. We cannot be united with God unless we freely choose to love him. But we cannot love God if we sin gravely against him, against our neighbor or against ourselves; sin committed in life must be atoned for, for a soul to go to heaven. Thus only the pure in heart will be able to see God. (Mt 5:8) Entrance into Heaven may be direct or through Purgatory. In either case, one must be free of all sin to qualify. Those who see God face to face are said to have received the ‘Beatific Vision’. In heaven God reveals himself fully and gives us the capacity to behold him.

CONCLUSION

Heaven is a place to be. With all indications of what heaven is like, all souls obviously desire it. This is because our deepest human longings would achieve their fulfillment inn heaven. In even we behold God as he really is; each according to the degree of perfection bestowed on it. The worst thing that would happen to a soul is to fail to be eternally united back with the creator at last due to the conscious choices of our personal human history. It is God’s wish that all will be saved but this desire of God does not violate the human free will; our conscious efforts count.

REFERENCES

Christian Theology: An Introduction. Third Edition, Chapter 18: “Last Things: The Christian Hope,” Alister E. McGrath, Blackwell Publishers, Oxford, 2001.

 

Robert B. Kruschwitz (Ed.), Heaven and hell: Christian reflection series, Baylor university, 2002.

 

Christian Theology. Second Edition. Part 12: “The Last Things”, Millard J. Erickson, Baker Books, 1998.

 

Herbert Lockyer, All the Doctrines of the Bible, Authentic Books, Secunderaba, 2003.

 

Introduction to Theology. Third Edition. Chapter 15: “History,” and Chapter 16: “Eschatology,” Owen C. Thomas, Ellen K. Wondra, Morehouse Publishing, Harrisburg, 2002.

 

Systemic Theology. Roman Catholic Perspective. Volume II. Francis Schussler Fiorenza, John P Galvin, editors; Chapter 10: “Eschatology,” by Monika K. Hellwig, Fortress Press. Minneapolis. 1991.

ENCYCLOPEDIA

Microsoft Encarta 2009 [DVD]. Redmond, WA: Microsoft Corporation, 2008

NETWORK MATERIALS

https://www.stmarkov.com/documents/2017/2/2-22-%20The%20Four%20Last%20Things.pdf

http://www.stjohnadulted.org/presentations/The10.PDF

https://www.baylor.edu/ifl/christianreflection/heaven.pdf

 

https://s3.amazonaws.com/e-zekiel/uploads/files/1660/original.pdf

 

 



[1] "Eschatology." Microsoft Encarta 2009 [DVD]. Redmond, WA: Microsoft Corporation, 2008

[3] Herbert lockyer, All the Doctrines of the Bible, Authentic Books, Secunderabad 2003, 286.

[4] Robert B. Kruschwitz (Ed.), Heaven and Hell: Christian reflection series, Baylor university 2002, 6.

[5] https://www.baylor.edu/ifl/christianreflection/heaven.pdf